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a. What are Operators ?

C Assignment Operators

The assignment operators are used to assign value to a variable. For example, if we want to assign a value 10 to a variable x then we can do this by using the assignment operator like: x = 10; Here, = (equal to) operator is used to assign the value.

In the C language, the = (equal to) operator is used for assignment however it has several other variants such as +=-= to combine two operations in a single statement.

You can see all the assignment operators in the table given below.

OperatorDescriptionExample(a and b are two variables, with where a=10 and b=5)
=assigns values from right side operand to left side operanda=ba gets value 5
+=adds right operand to the left operand and assign the result to left operanda+=b, is same as a=a+b, value of a becomes 15
-=subtracts right operand from the left operand and assign the result to left operanda-=b, is same as a=a-b, value of a becomes 5
*=mutiply left operand with the right operand and assign the result to left operanda*=b, is same as a=a*b, value of a becomes 50
/=divides left operand with the right operand and assign the result to left operanda/=b, is same as a=a/b, value of a becomes 2
%=calculate modulus using two operands and assign the result to left operanda%=b, is same as a=a%b, value of a becomes 0

When we combine the arithmetic operators with the assignment operator =, then we get the shorthand form of all the arthmetic operators.

Example: Using Assignment Operators

Below we have a code example in which we have used all the different forms of assignment operator, starting from the basic assignment.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

   int a = 10;

   // Assign
   int result = a;
   printf("result = %d \n",result);

   // += operator
   result += a;
   printf("result = %d \n",result);

   // -= operator
   result -= a;
   printf("result = %d \n",result);

   // *= operator
   result *= a;
   printf("result = %d \n",result);

   return 0;

}

Output

result = 10 result = 20 result = 10 result = 100

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