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1. Simple Harmonic Motion

Difference between Periodic, Oscillation and Simple Harmonic Motion

Periodic Motion

  • A motion repeats itself after an equal interval of time. For example, uniform circular motion.
  • There is no equilibrium position.
  • There is no restoring force.
  • There is no stable equilibrium position.

Oscillation Motion

  • To and fro motion of a particle about a mean position is called an oscillatory motion in which a particle moves on either side of equilibrium (or) mean position is an oscillatory motion.
  • It is a kind of periodic motion bounded between two extreme points. For example, Oscillation of Simple Pendulum, Spring-Mass System.
  • The object will keep on moving between two extreme points about a fixed point is called mean position (or) equilibrium position along any path. (the path is not a constraint).
  • There will be a restoring force directed towards equilibrium position (or) mean position.
  • In an oscillatory motion, the net force on the particle is zero at the mean position.
  • The mean position is a stable equilibrium position.

Simple Harmonic Motion or SHM

  • It is a special case of oscillation along with straight line between the two extreme points (the path of SHM is a constraint).
  • Path of the object needs to be a straight line.
  • There will be a restoring force directed towards equilibrium position (or) mean position.
  • Mean position in Simple harmonic motion is a stable equilibrium.

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